The seven principles of democracy are fundamental concepts that underpin democratic governance and serve as guiding principles. While there may be variations in how they are articulated, these principles generally include:
Popular Sovereignty:
The idea is that ultimate political authority rests with the people. In a democracy, citizens can participate in decision-making processes directly or through elected representatives.
Political Equality:
Every citizen has equal opportunities to participate in the political process, including voting, running for office, and expressing their opinions without discrimination.
Political Freedom:
Citizens have certain freedoms and rights, such as freedom of speech, assembly, press, and religion, which are protected by law and cannot be arbitrarily restricted by the government.
Rule of Law:
All individuals and institutions, including the government, are bound by the law. No one is above the law, and legal procedures must be followed in all circumstances.
Individual Rights:
Democracies protect individuals’ rights against the tyranny of the majority. These rights often include civil liberties, such as freedom of speech, religion, and assembly, as well as protections against discrimination and arbitrary government actions.
Majority Rule with Minority Rights:
While decisions are typically made through majority rule in democratic systems, minority rights are still protected. This ensures that the rights and interests of minority groups are not overlooked or oppressed by the majority.
Accountability and Transparency:
Government institutions and officials are accountable to the people, and their actions are subject to public scrutiny. Transparency in government operations, decision-making processes, and access to information are essential for holding officials accountable and maintaining trust in the democratic system.
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